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Cells

All forms of life, from the biggest trees to the microscopic organisms that swim in the smallest drop of water, are made up of cells.

Trees in the Thailand rainforest © Shirley Burchill

Soil organism found in leaf litter © Paul Billiet
 

Big or small, all living things are made of cells.

Most organisms are made up of many types of different cells. Some organisms, called single-celled organisms, have all they need for life in one single cell. They can move, breathe, feed, grow, reproduce, excrete and are sensitive even though each individual exists as a single cell. An example of a single-celled organism is a paramecium.

A paramecium as seen under the microscope © Paul Billiet

Organisms which have more than one cell are called multi-cellular organisms. Each type of cell in the organism has a special function. In plants, for example, some cells are in charge of making food using photosynthesis, other cells have the job of absorbing water in the roots and still others are responsible for making the plant rigid so it will not fall over.

Drawing of a plant and some plant cells © Shirley Burchill,

 

Cells from the leaflet of a moss seen under a microscope © Paul Billiet

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